Implementation of Solar Tracking System Using RTC

Implementation of Solar Tracking System Using RTC epitomeThe main objective of this jut out is to track the solar muscle efficiently and using the same for the house hold applications like glowing low-pitched Bulb, Mobile Phone Charging etc., Commercial made solar trackers to any solar panel array help in increasing the fourth dimension of the panels face up the sun and allow them to produce their maximum effect. Unfortunately they can be expensive to buy. We decided to induct our own solar tracker to see if we could tighten up the cost. We did not want to re- invent the wheel and wanted to make it more affordable. We started out small and came up with the idea of solar trailing using time instead of using a device that would consciousness where the sun is and moving the panel towards it. The objective of this project is to control the slur of a solar panel in accordance with the motion of sun. so our objective is efficient utilization of the solar energy for development of farming and clean environment.Key Words Solar Tracker, RTC, LDRI. INTRODUCTIONToday, 70% of the universe in Indian rural argonas experience a dramatic blank space where the electric contribute is very low and irregular, and in some cases, alone absent from 80,000 villages in the country. The country suffers from unequal energy distribution, with role cuts of 2 to 3hours in major cities, and in rural areas from 6 to 10 hours during the hot season (May to June). Up to 50% of households in India have no access to modern lighting and the electric grid did not run into remote places of the countryside, with some provinces lacking electricity in the 95% of the region. on that point are some solutions like solar electricity from solar panels. Although legion(predicate) assume that renewable energy is too expensive for the poor but if it is combined with affordable financing mechanisms, it can be fully utilise and makes this type of clean electricity (and many others like demea norable rechargeable lamps) a viable option for millions in India. Both renewable and non renewable resources are being employ for production of electricity to meet the needs. further non renewable resources are under the stage of extinction so it is let out to choose the renewable resources.II.EXISTING SYSTEMThe simplest of all uses an LDR a let down Dep fireent Resistor to detect light intensity turns on the come to the fore of the resistor. Other methods use two phototransistors covered with a small exfoliation to act as a shield to sunlight, as shown in physical body. 2. When morning arrives, the tracker is in state A from the previous day. The left phototransistor is turned on, causation a signal to turn the motor continuously until the shadow from the crustal plate returns the tracker to state B. As the day slowly progresses, state C is reached shortly, round on the right phototransistor. The motor turns until state B is reached again, and the cycle continues unti l the end of the day or until the minimum detectable light level is reached.Fig.1 pattern of operation of an LDRThe problem with a design like this is that phototransistors have a narrow range of sensitivity, once they have been get along up in a circuit under set bias conditions It was because of this fact that solar cells themselves were chosen to be the sensing devices. They provide an excellentmechanism in light intensity detectionmaking use of renewable energy (solar energy) to produce power. The same energy which is generated further apply energetic phone charging, household applications such as glowing small bulb etc., The draw shows the overview of our project, when the body is on Real Time Clock gives the auto modify of Time, date to microcontroller, this information is displayed on LCD by microcontroller. According to the time provided by RTC stepper motor will rotates with particular angle to change the position of solar panel to absorb solar energy. The energy engrossed by solar panel will charge battery, From battery it is devoted to mobile phone charging circuit which is further used to charge the mobile phone. At the same time the energy stored in the battery used by power circuitry for glowing small lamp etc.,FUNCTIONAL BLOCK platbecause they are sensitive to varying light and provide a go up linear potential range that can be used to an improvement in determining the present declination or angle to the sun. As a result, a simple time operated solar bring in formation using RTC based control brass is proposed, with the fee times of a panel position with respectto natural position of the Sun has beenRTC DS1307micro CONTROLLERAT89S52MECHANICAL ROTATING UNITDISPLAY UNITLCD 16X2POWER grantSOLAR PANELBATTERY CHARGING UNITBATTERY POWERCIRCUITARY enforced as an algorithm to controller.III. PROPOSED SYSTEMNow a days power problem is becoming big issue in society to pick at that we came up with this project. here we areFig2 Block di agram of proposed solar tracking system.The main components used are microcontroller (AT89S52), RTC (DS1307), ADC (MCP3201), Op-Amp (LM324N), 16X2LCD, Voltage controller (7805). The solar panel, Battery, DC motors are connected externally. The solar panel used in our project is made up of poly-crystalline cells. For these cells aiming is not critical as the cells are weft up the light from many different angles.IV. WORKINGThe power bring out is minded(p) to the tracking system from external battery.7805 voltage regulator converts this future(prenominal) power supply into 5 volts in order to provide supply to other components in the system. The program to the AT89S52 micro controller is given through ISP pins. Based on RTC , the number of literary arguments of the panel will be set manually using four switches that are fed as an inputs to the74LS21 AND admission and its fruit as an interrupt to the controller. Real Time, Tilt time settings are displayed on LCD which is connec ted to Port 1 of the micro controller. In this project, we use 4 tilts for tracking purpose and 5th tilt for take the panel back to the initial position. The RTC continuously runs and sends a high yield to the microcontroller at our prescribed tilt time. Then microcontroller sends a high output to the L293D driver which drives the DC motors connected to the panel. The panel rotation or tilt angles will be initially fixed in the program that is given to the microcontroller. The output of solar panel is connected to OpAmp which amplifies the signal and gives it to the ADC which is connected to the port 1 of the microcontroller. Voltage generated by the panel as per the individual tilt time isdisplayed on LCD. Display of LCD is shown in fig 6.Fig 3 LCD displaying the time and dateLCD is used as the display unit. It stands for Liquid Crystal Display. These components are specialized for being used with the microcontroller. LCD screen consists of two lines with 16 characters each. Each character consists of 5x7dot matrix. Here we use LCD to display real time provided by RTC. observational RESULTSFig 4 Prototype of Time operated solar tracking system using RTCFig 5 Control equipment of solar tracking systemCONCLUSIONThe design of microcontroller based on efficient solar tracking system with real time clock is developed and described. The proposed system provides a variable indication of their relative angle to the sun by study with pre defined measured readings. By using this method, the solar tracker was successfully retained a solar array at a sufficiently rectangular angle to the Sun. The power increase gained over a fixed flat array was in excess of 40%. The proposed design is achieved with low power consumption, high accuracy and low cost.ReferencesTable 1 Captured Panel voltage with proposedtracking system.S.NOTIMEPANELVOLTAGE(V)18.00 AM9.029.00 AM12.5310.00 AM13.0411.00 AM13.5512.00 PM14.061.00 PM14.572.00 PM12.583.00 PM11.494.00 PM9.3105.00 PM6.5116.00 PM1.5Table 2 Captured panel voltages without proposed tracking system